So you need to prove your English proficiency for university admission, immigration, or professional licensing. And now you're staring at two options: TOEFL vs IELTS. Everyone seems to have an opinion. Your friend swears TOEFL is easier. Your counselor says IELTS is more widely accepted. Your cousin in the UK insists you need IELTS, but your American university seems to want TOEFL.
Here's the truth that most comparison guides don't tell you: neither test is universally "better." The right choice depends entirely on your skills, your destination, and honestly - which test format plays to your strengths. Both TOEFL and IELTS are respected worldwide, both are accepted by thousands of institutions, and both measure the same fundamental thing: can you handle English at an academic level?
This guide breaks down the TOEFL vs IELTS comparison in a way that actually helps you decide. We'll cover format differences, scoring systems, where each test is accepted, difficulty levels for different skill sets, and concrete factors to consider when making your choice. By the end, you'll know exactly which test to take - and why.
What Are TOEFL and IELTS?
Let's start with the basics before diving into the TOEFL vs IELTS differences. Both are standardized tests that measure English language proficiency for non-native speakers. But they're run by different organizations with different philosophies.
TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language)
TOEFL is administered by ETS (Educational Testing Service), based in the United States. It was originally designed for students applying to American universities, though it's now accepted globally. The test uses American English and is primarily computer-based (TOEFL iBT - Internet-Based Test).
- First introduced in 1964 - over 60 years of history
- Accepted by 11,500+ institutions in 160+ countries
- Computer-based with integrated tasks (reading + listening + speaking/writing combined)
- American English spelling and pronunciation
- Speaking section recorded on computer
IELTS (International English Language Testing System)
IELTS is jointly owned by the British Council, IDP: IELTS Australia, and Cambridge Assessment English. It was developed primarily for UK, Australian, and Commonwealth country applications, using British English. IELTS offers both paper-based and computer-based options.
- Launched in 1989 - the newer of the two tests
- Accepted by 11,000+ institutions in 140+ countries
- Available in Academic and General Training versions
- British English spelling and pronunciation
- Speaking section is a live interview with a human examiner
TOEFL vs IELTS: Test Format Differences
The biggest TOEFL vs IELTS differences come down to how each test is structured and administered. This matters more than you might think - the format significantly affects which test suits your skills better.
Test Structure Comparison
| Section | TOEFL iBT | IELTS Academic |
|---|---|---|
| Reading | 2 passages, 35 min, 20 questions | 3 passages, 60 min, 40 questions |
| Listening | 3-4 lectures + 2-3 conversations, 36 min | 4 recordings, 30 min + 10 min transfer time |
| Speaking | 4 tasks, 16 min (recorded to computer) | 3 parts, 11-14 min (live with examiner) |
| Writing | 2 tasks, 29 min (typed) | 2 tasks, 60 min (handwritten or typed) |
| Total Time | ~2 hours | ~2 hours 45 min |
Key Format Differences Explained
Speaking Format
TOEFL: You speak into a microphone, responding to prompts on a computer. Responses are recorded and scored by AI combined with human raters. No live interaction.
IELTS: Face-to-face conversation with a trained examiner. Includes casual discussion, a 2-minute monologue on a topic card, and follow-up questions. More natural but can feel more high-pressure.
Integrated vs Separate Skills
TOEFL: Many tasks combine skills. You might read a passage, listen to a lecture, then speak about both. Or read and listen, then write. This tests real academic situations.
IELTS: Each section is standalone. Reading is just reading, Listening is just listening. This can be simpler to prepare for but doesn't reflect how you'd actually use English in university.
Writing Format
TOEFL: All typing on computer. Task 1 is integrated (read + listen + write), Task 2 is independent opinion essay. Fast typing helps significantly.
IELTS: Paper-based option allows handwriting. Task 1 is describing data/diagrams, Task 2 is an essay. If you write slowly on computer, the handwritten option might suit you better.
If you're still unsure which format suits you, our TOEFL preparation services include diagnostic assessments that help identify which test format matches your strengths.
TOEFL vs IELTS Score Comparison
One of the most confusing aspects of the TOEFL vs IELTS decision is understanding how scores compare. TOEFL uses a 0-120 scale while IELTS uses bands from 0-9. Here's how they translate.
Score Conversion Chart (Approximate)
| TOEFL iBT | IELTS Band | Level Description |
|---|---|---|
| 118-120 | 9.0 | Expert user |
| 110-117 | 8.0-8.5 | Very good user |
| 102-109 | 7.5 | Good user (upper) |
| 94-101 | 7.0 | Good user |
| 79-93 | 6.5 | Competent user (upper) |
| 60-78 | 6.0 | Competent user |
| 46-59 | 5.5 | Modest user |
Important note: these conversions are approximate. Different institutions may have their own conversion charts. ETS and the British Council provide official comparison tools, but always check your specific university's requirements for both tests.
Section Scoring Breakdown
TOEFL Scoring
- Reading: 0-30
- Listening: 0-30
- Speaking: 0-30
- Writing: 0-30
- Total: 0-120
IELTS Scoring
- Reading: 0-9
- Listening: 0-9
- Speaking: 0-9
- Writing: 0-9
- Overall Band: 0-9 (average)
TOEFL vs IELTS: Which Is Easier?
Okay, let's address the question everyone really wants answered: TOEFL or IELTS which is easier? The frustrating but honest answer is that it depends on your individual skills and preferences. But we can break down which test tends to be easier for different types of learners.
TOEFL Tends to Be Easier If You...
- Type quickly: All TOEFL writing is on computer. Fast typists have a significant advantage.
- Prefer American English: If you've learned English through American media, the accents and vocabulary will feel more familiar.
- Dislike face-to-face pressure: Recording answers to a computer removes the stress of a live examiner.
- Excel at multiple choice: TOEFL Reading and Listening are entirely multiple choice, which some find easier.
- Handle integrated tasks well: If you're good at synthesizing information from multiple sources, TOEFL's integrated format suits you.
IELTS Tends to Be Easier If You...
- Prefer handwriting: Paper-based IELTS lets you write essays by hand if you're a slow typist.
- Learned British English: UK, Australian, or Commonwealth English speakers will find IELTS more natural.
- Thrive in conversation: The live speaking interview allows natural dialogue, including asking for clarification.
- Handle varied question types: IELTS uses fill-in-blank, matching, and short answers - not just multiple choice.
- Need extra time on listening: IELTS gives you 10 minutes at the end to transfer answers.
Difficulty Comparison by Section
Reading: TOEFL is often considered slightly harder due to more academic vocabulary, but IELTS has more varied question types. Draw.
Listening: IELTS is often considered easier - you can preview questions and have transfer time. TOEFL is faster-paced.
Speaking: Depends entirely on personality. Introverts often prefer TOEFL; extroverts often prefer IELTS.
Writing: TOEFL integrated writing is harder, but IELTS has stricter time pressure and word count requirements.
Where Each Test Is Accepted
Both TOEFL and IELTS are accepted virtually everywhere, but historical preferences still influence some regions. Here's the breakdown of TOEFL vs IELTS acceptance worldwide.
Traditional TOEFL Preference
- USA: Both accepted equally, but TOEFL has longer history
- Canada: Both accepted; some programs prefer one
- Germany: Strong TOEFL acceptance for English programs
- France: Both accepted; universities specify preferences
Traditional IELTS Preference
- UK: IELTS historically preferred; both now accepted
- Australia: IELTS dominant; TOEFL accepted
- New Zealand: Strong IELTS preference
- Ireland: Both accepted; slight IELTS lean
The Reality in 2026
The old divide between "TOEFL for America, IELTS for Britain" has largely disappeared. Today:
- 11,500+ institutions accept TOEFL globally
- 11,000+ institutions accept IELTS globally
- 3,400+ US institutions now accept IELTS
- Most UK universities accept both equally
- European universities generally accept both
The key is to check your specific institution's requirements. Even if a university accepts both tests, they may have different score requirements for each. Some programs may prefer one test for specific reasons related to their curriculum.
TOEFL vs IELTS for USA and Study Abroad
Planning to study abroad? The TOEFL vs IELTS decision becomes more specific when you have a destination in mind.
TOEFL vs IELTS for USA
For studying in the USA, both tests are now equally accepted by the vast majority of universities. The old preference for TOEFL has faded - over 3,400 US institutions accept IELTS. Your choice should be based on which format suits your skills, not which test is "more American."
That said, if you're unsure, TOEFL might have a slight edge for US applications simply because American universities are more familiar with interpreting TOEFL scores. But this is a minor consideration compared to getting a good score on whichever test you choose.
Study Abroad Destination Guide
United Kingdom
Both accepted for student visas. IELTS has longer history but TOEFL is equally valid. Check your specific university's preferences. For Tier 4 visas, only specific "SELT" tests were required previously, but university-level studies accept both TOEFL and IELTS.
Canada
Both widely accepted for study permits and university admission. Some programs specify a preference. For immigration through Express Entry, IELTS General Training or CELPIP are required - TOEFL isn't accepted for permanent residency applications.
Australia & New Zealand
IELTS has traditionally dominated but TOEFL is increasingly accepted. For Australian student visas, IELTS, TOEFL, and PTE Academic are all accepted. Check specific institution requirements.
Europe (Non-UK)
Most European universities teaching in English accept both TOEFL and IELTS equally. Germany, Netherlands, Sweden, and other popular destinations have no strong preference. Always verify with your specific program.
Need help preparing for your study abroad application? Our TOEFL tutoring program can help you achieve the score you need for your dream destination.
Cost and Availability Comparison
The practical considerations of cost and availability can influence your TOEFL vs IELTS decision, especially if you're on a tight budget or timeline.
Cost Comparison (2026 Approximate)
| Item | TOEFL | IELTS |
|---|---|---|
| Test Fee | $200-$300 USD | $220-$270 USD |
| Late Registration | $40-$60 extra | Varies by center |
| Score Report (additional) | $20 per report | $20-$30 per report |
| Rescoring | $80 per section | $75-$100 total |
Test Availability
- TOEFL: Available at 4,500+ test centers in 200+ countries. Tests typically 4-6 times per month. Home edition available 24/7.
- IELTS: Available in 1,200+ test centers in 140+ countries. Tests typically 4 times per month (paper) or more frequently (computer). Speaking may be on a different day.
In most major cities, both tests are readily available. In smaller cities or developing countries, TOEFL often has more test dates due to its computer-based format. The TOEFL Home Edition also provides flexibility that IELTS Indicator (home-based) may not match.
How to Choose Between TOEFL and IELTS
Now for the practical decision-making. Here's a step-by-step approach to choosing between TOEFL vs IELTS for your specific situation.
Step 1: Check Your Institution's Requirements
Before anything else, verify exactly what your target institutions accept. Look for:
- Which tests are accepted (some programs only accept one)
- Minimum overall scores for each test
- Minimum section scores (often overlooked!)
- Whether they prefer one test over another
Step 2: Take Practice Tests for Both
Don't assume which test suits you - test it. Take at least one full practice test for both TOEFL and IELTS. Compare your scores. Notice which format felt more comfortable. This real-world data is more valuable than any general advice.
Step 3: Consider Your Strengths
Choose TOEFL If You...
- ✓ Are comfortable with American English
- ✓ Type quickly and prefer computer-based tests
- ✓ Prefer recording answers without human interaction
- ✓ Excel at synthesizing information from multiple sources
- ✓ Like the security of multiple-choice questions
Choose IELTS If You...
- ✓ Are more familiar with British English
- ✓ Prefer handwriting or need a paper-based option
- ✓ Communicate better in live conversation
- ✓ Handle varied question formats (not just multiple choice)
- ✓ Want the speaking test separate from other sections
Step 4: Practical Considerations
- Timeline: How soon can you get a test date? TOEFL often has more availability.
- Retake policy: TOEFL allows retakes every 3 days; IELTS has no mandatory wait.
- Score reporting: TOEFL's MyBest Scores sends your highest section scores across attempts.
- Home testing: If you need to test from home, TOEFL Home Edition is more widely accepted.
Preparation Strategies for Both Tests
Regardless of which test you choose, effective preparation follows similar principles. Here's how to get ready for either TOEFL or IELTS.
Universal Preparation Tips
- Start with official materials: ETS for TOEFL, British Council/IDP for IELTS. These are the only sources that accurately reflect actual test difficulty.
- Take timed practice tests: Time pressure is a major challenge for both tests. Always practice under real conditions.
- Focus on weak sections: Don't waste time improving from 28 to 30 on your best section when you could go from 20 to 25 on your weakest.
- Build academic vocabulary: Both tests require university-level English vocabulary. Study the Academic Word List.
- Practice speaking daily: Speaking is the most "use it or lose it" skill. Talk in English every single day.
Preparation Timeline
- 8-12 weeks out: Take diagnostic test, identify weaknesses, create study plan. Focus on building foundational skills.
- 4-8 weeks out: Intensive skill-building. Work on weak sections daily. Take section practice tests weekly.
- 2-4 weeks out: Full practice tests under real conditions. Focus on test-taking strategies and time management.
- Final week: Light review only. No new material. Rest well and manage stress.
Need structured preparation with expert guidance? Our TOEFL exam support services provide personalized study plans and one-on-one coaching to help you achieve your target score efficiently.
The TOEFL vs IELTS decision ultimately comes down to which test format showcases your English abilities best. Both tests are respected worldwide, both measure genuine academic English proficiency, and both open doors to international education and opportunities. Do your research, take practice tests for both, and choose the test where you'll perform your best.
Whatever you choose, remember that adequate preparation is more important than which test you take. A well-prepared TOEFL candidate and a well-prepared IELTS candidate both achieve their goals. Focus on preparation, not just selection, and you'll be well on your way to success.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the main difference between TOEFL and IELTS?
The main difference between TOEFL and IELTS is the test format. TOEFL is computer-based with American English focus, featuring multiple-choice questions and typed responses. IELTS offers paper-based and computer options with British English emphasis, including a face-to-face speaking test with a human examiner. TOEFL uses integrated tasks combining reading, listening, and speaking, while IELTS keeps each skill section separate.
Is TOEFL or IELTS easier?
Neither TOEFL nor IELTS is universally easier - it depends on your skills and preferences. TOEFL tends to be easier for students who prefer typing, multiple-choice questions, and American English. IELTS may be easier if you're more comfortable with British English, handwriting essays, and speaking face-to-face with an examiner. Most students find one test naturally suits their abilities better than the other.
Which test is more accepted - TOEFL or IELTS?
Both TOEFL and IELTS are widely accepted worldwide, with over 11,000 institutions accepting each test. In the USA and Canada, both tests are equally accepted. The UK and Australia have historically preferred IELTS, but now accept TOEFL equally. European universities accept both. Always check your specific institution's requirements, as some may prefer one over the other or have different score requirements for each.
How do TOEFL and IELTS scores compare?
TOEFL scores range from 0-120, while IELTS uses a 0-9 band scale. Approximate equivalents: TOEFL 79-93 = IELTS 6.5, TOEFL 94-101 = IELTS 7.0, TOEFL 102-109 = IELTS 7.5, TOEFL 110-120 = IELTS 8.0-9.0. Most universities provide conversion charts and accept both scores equally. A TOEFL score of 100 roughly equals an IELTS band 7.0-7.5.
Should I take TOEFL or IELTS for studying in the USA?
For studying in the USA, both TOEFL and IELTS are equally accepted by most universities. TOEFL was traditionally preferred, but over 3,400 US institutions now accept IELTS. Choose based on your strengths: TOEFL if you prefer computer-based testing and American English, IELTS if you prefer face-to-face speaking tests and British English. Check your target university's specific requirements for minimum scores.
Which test is better for immigration purposes?
For immigration, country requirements vary significantly. Canada accepts both IELTS and CELPIP for permanent residency. Australia requires IELTS, PTE, or TOEFL for visa applications. The UK now has specific requirements depending on visa type. For US immigration, TOEFL is generally not required as English proficiency is demonstrated differently. Always check your country's official immigration website for current requirements.
How long are TOEFL and IELTS scores valid?
Both TOEFL and IELTS scores are valid for 2 years from the test date. After this period, scores expire and you'll need to retake the test if required for applications. Some institutions may accept older scores in specific circumstances, but the standard validity period is 2 years for both tests. Plan your test date accordingly based on your application deadlines.
Can I take TOEFL or IELTS at home?
Yes, both tests offer at-home options. TOEFL iBT Home Edition allows you to take the test from home with online proctoring, identical in format to the test center version. IELTS offers the IELTS Indicator for home testing, though acceptance may vary by institution. Both require a reliable internet connection, webcam, and a quiet, private room. Check if your target institution accepts the home edition.
How much do TOEFL and IELTS cost?
TOEFL costs approximately $200-$300 USD depending on location. IELTS typically costs between $220-$270 USD, also varying by country. Both tests offer late registration fees and score report sending fees. Some test centers charge additional administrative fees. Consider total costs including preparation materials, retakes, and score sending when budgeting for either test.
How long does each test take?
TOEFL iBT takes about 3 hours including check-in time. The test itself is approximately 2 hours for Reading (35 minutes), Listening (36 minutes), Speaking (16 minutes), and Writing (29 minutes). IELTS takes 2 hours 45 minutes total: Listening (30 minutes), Reading (60 minutes), Writing (60 minutes), with Speaking (11-14 minutes) scheduled separately on the same or different day.
Which test has an easier speaking section?
This depends on your preference. TOEFL Speaking is recorded responses to a computer - some find this less stressful without face-to-face pressure, while others struggle without human interaction. IELTS Speaking is a live conversation with an examiner - some find this more natural, while others feel more nervous. Practice both formats to discover which feels more comfortable for you.
Can I retake TOEFL or IELTS if I don't get my desired score?
Yes, you can retake both tests. TOEFL allows retakes every 3 days with no limit on total attempts. IELTS can be retaken as soon as you're ready, with no mandatory waiting period. Some test centers may have limited availability. Consider giving yourself 4-8 weeks between attempts to improve. Both tests allow you to send only your best scores to institutions.
